The legal significance of electronic documents is given not only by compliance with the approved formats and the presence of mandatory details, but also an electronic signature. An electronic signature is necessary for any modern person., especially for business, it is a convenient tool for the interaction of organizations with each other and with government agencies. The benefits of an electronic signature are huge. After all, it allows you to deliver documents to the addressee in a matter of minutes and recognize them as legally significant., that is, genuine. Contracts can be signed with an electronic signature, bid, submit reports to all regulatory authorities, sue.

Despite, that the form of an electronic signature has nothing to do with a handwritten, there are many more possibilities for its application., than it seems at first glance. With its help, you can remotely:

• get government services, submitting an application through the portal of public services;
• resolve issues, related to the work of the Federal Tax Service, - from filing a tax deduction to providing tax benefits;
• apply for kindergarten admission, school or any other educational institution;
• enter into a contract, including the sale and purchase of real estate;
• certify power of attorney;
• interact with the traffic police - re-register the vehicle, pay a fine;
• file a petition, lawsuit or complaint;
• verify a debt;
• participate in electronic trading;
• sign any documents, including the employer.

An electronic signature is one of the important components of everyday life as ordinary citizens, as well as business leaders. ES provides increased confidentiality of document exchange transactions, minimization of financial risks, legalization of documents, reducing training costs, delivery, accounting and storage of documents.

An electronic signature exists in several forms - simple, reinforced unskilled, reinforced qualified (Art. 5 Law on Electronic Signature), the last one (SPEECH) considered the most protected.

Simple electronic signature (PEP) is the most diverse and vulnerable type of electronic signature. A pdf file signed in uneven handwriting can also be attributed to the PEP, and a letter in the mail, sent to request, and login with password - user authorization in the system, and even the entered code from the banking application, confirming payment. There are services, which are completely tailored to the use of a simple electronic signature, for example: The Federal Tax Service, "Public services" or Internet banks. Without authorization, their full use is impossible.. A simple electronic signature is useful for working with the company's internal document flow. As is known, the wider the distribution, the more risk. PEP is the easiest to fake, therefore, it is an inferior analogue of a handwritten signature, which means, and not accepted everywhere.

Reinforced unqualified signature (UNEP) operates within that system, for which it was created. The main difference between UNEP and a simple electronic signature is, that it is fixed inside a particular service. I'm talking otherwise, the system is able to recognize the user by his digital footprints. For this, encryption tools are used., which transform information, to restrict access. The key to such a signature is almost impossible to pick up manually, because it is a complex set of characters. This is no longer a simple login and password or a code from SMS, a complete tool, who can guarantee, that the document was signed by a specific person at a specific time and did not make any changes to it. The latter is especially important, as an employer, as well as for the employee, to avoid possible misunderstandings.

Enhanced Qualified Electronic Signature (UKEP) represents the most qualified. It is issued by special certification centers accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications. UKEP is equated to a handwritten signature. Only an enhanced qualified electronic signature makes it possible to work with all services, including electronic trading platforms. In addition to signing, still need to install software to use it. And you need to immediately understand, where the UKEP will be stored - on a computer, token or external drive, actually this is your id, serious tool, and the attitude towards it should be appropriate.

Enhanced Qualified Signature certificate must be renewed annually. It is especially important for companies and employees to remember this important detail., participating in tenders. Untimely extension of UKEP threatens with multimillion-dollar losses. It is easy to reissue it - just re-apply to the certification center. The same applies to the lost electronic signature.. For iexample, if it was stored on a token. First, what should be done, - come to the certification center and write an application, so that the signature is blocked and, if necessary, a new one is issued, but it's worth it - it's better to spend a little time, saving effort and resources on proceedings with fraudsters.

Through change, introduced into the Electronic Signature Law (Art. 17.1 and 17.2), with 01.01.2022 to obtain a CEP, applicants must apply to the following certification centers (UC):

1. private individuals (including individuals, acting on behalf of the organization by proxy) – to an accredited CA, passed the re-accreditation procedure;
2. organization leaders (persons, having the right to act on behalf of a legal entity without a power of attorney) – in the UTs FTS;
3. public (municipal) institutions – at the CA of the Federal Treasury;
4. credit institutions, payment system operators, non-credit financial institutions and individual entrepreneurs, carrying out activities supervised by the CBR <9>, – in the CBD.

The key advantage of an electronic signature over a regular one is, that everything can be done remotely. Employees do not need to come to the office and spend time signing documents, wait for couriers or go to the post office, to send signed acts, applications and other papers. Enhanced electronic signature protects its owner from a variety of manipulations and frauds, if, surely, she lies in a safe place.

The main advantages of electronic signature are:

• Reliability and security. It is easy to forge a regular signature on paper, while digital has a high degree of protection against falsification.
• Increased confidentiality when exchanging documents.
• Time saving. To submit documents to government agencies, conclusion of contracts with counterparties and other transactions do not require personal presence.
• Validation of documentation.
• Reduce storage costs, accounting and delivery of documentation.

Access to electronic trading. It is impossible to participate in tenders for public procurement and other commercial orders without an EDS.